Abstract: Engels’ Dialectics of Nature is a “comparatively coherent interpretation” of the Marxist outlook on nature and science. It embodies the different views of Marxism and non-Marxism in the “controversy” in the field of natural science, and profoundly reveals the scientific research and application of natural science. The ideological issues in the process contain rich ideological critical thoughts.In the process of criticizing all kinds of wrong thoughts and tendencies in the field of natural science at that time, Engels profoundly revealed the origin of the rise of idealism, the limitations of metaphysical thinking and the bourgeois ideological nature of social Darwinism, and elaborated the relationship between theoretical thinking / philosophy and natural science on this basis. Therefore, the ideological critical thought contained in "Dialectics of Nature" not only helps to scientifically analyze various theories and controversies surrounding the relationship between natural science and ideology, but also helps resolve related practical problems and promote the healthy development of natural science.

Keywords：Engels; Dialectics of Nature; Natural sciences; Ideology

(Translator：Li Xue-li)